particularly vs. especially

[majid]

Hello

Could someone tell me the differences between particularly and especially ?I looked them up in some dictionaries and found no nuances while I think there are some slight differences between them.

Thanks in advance

[Marius Hancu]

Well, you didn't look up in the good dictionaries:

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par·tic·u·lar·ly

c : in the specific case of one person or thing as distinguished from others : in particular (http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?book=Third&va=particular) : INDIVIDUALLY (http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?book=Third&va=individually), PERSONALLY (http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?book=Third&va=personally), SPECIFICALLY (http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?book=Third&va=specifically) <the provision of such facilities, particularly in rural areas -- D.D.Eisenhower> <trace major population movements ... for the Pueblo groups particularly, for other southwestern groups incidentally -- E.K.Reed>

d : in a special or unusual degree : to an extent greater than in other cases or towards others : ESPECIALLY (http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?book=Third&va=especially) <a poison particularly toxic to canines -- Monsanto Magazine> <a particularly stormy ... winter voyage -- C.H.Grandgent> <the final effect, particularly with modern furniture, could ... have been barnlike -- Betty Pepis> e obsolete : in a familiar or intimate way <with whom he was very particularly acquainted -- Henry Fielding>

Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged.
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d is about degree, c is about specificity.

Now that I used my time to post them from a good source, study them, before posting again in 5 other forums.

[majid]

Well, you didn't look up in the good dictionaries:

----
par·tic·u·lar·ly

c : in the specific case of one person or thing as distinguished from others : in particular (http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?book=Third&va=particular) : INDIVIDUALLY (http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?book=Third&va=individually), PERSONALLY (http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?book=Third&va=personally), SPECIFICALLY (http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?book=Third&va=specifically) <the provision of such facilities, particularly in rural areas -- D.D.Eisenhower> <trace major population movements ... for the Pueblo groups particularly, for other southwestern groups incidentally -- E.K.Reed>

d : in a special or unusual degree : to an extent greater than in other cases or towards others : ESPECIALLY (http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?book=Third&va=especially) <a poison particularly toxic to canines -- Monsanto Magazine> <a particularly stormy ... winter voyage -- C.H.Grandgent> <the final effect, particularly with modern furniture, could ... have been barnlike -- Betty Pepis> e obsolete : in a familiar or intimate way <with whom he was very particularly acquainted -- Henry Fielding>

Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged.
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d is about degree, c is about specificity.

Now that I used my time to post them from a good source, study them, before posting again in 5 other forums.

Thank you Marius Hancu for your helpful comment and your time.
I assure you I studied your comment word by word and reviewed it several times.
I think in the both sentences of No.1 "especially" is also possible . The latter can be paraphrased :trace major population movements ... especially for the Pueblo groups.
So,I think the explanations from the Webster still can not show their real difference.

Regards

[Marius Hancu]

Indeed the two are mixed up by many people, however a careful writer would use IMO:

<the provision of such facilities, particularly in rural areas>

(as the dictionary quotes) to indicate specificity, limitation, restriction, and:

<the provision of such facilities, which was done to an unusual/special degree in rural areas>

to indicate degree, intensity.