Questions regarding Past Perfect

[jennie77]

I understand the usage of "Past Perfect" in English. But I got a question and I think that's very complicated to me in EFL surroundings. So please Help me.

The passage goes like this.

A woman of forty-three died in a hospital in Canada. Her birthday had been one week before the operation and she had told her sister that she did not expect to survive it.

In this passage, we use "Past Perfect" because "she had told" before she died. but what about the highlighted part "did not expect".
Don't we need to say "had not expected" or something?
In "that clause" after past perfect, don't we need to use "past perfect"again?

It's quite complicated. and I can't find any explanations regarding this problem.

So, please help me to sort this out~!!!

Thank you in advance.

[Pete]

I understand the usage of "Past Perfect" in English. But I got a question and I think that's very complicated to me in EFL surroundings. So please Help me.

The passage goes like this.

A woman of forty-three died in a hospital in Canada. Her birthday had been one week before the operation and she had told her sister that she did not expect to survive it.

In this passage, we use "Past Perfect" because "she had told" before she died. but what about the highlighted part "did not expect".
Don't we need to say "had not expected" or something?
In "that clause" after past perfect, don't we need to use "past perfect"again?

It's quite complicated. and I can't find any explanations regarding this problem.

So, please help me to sort this out~!!!

Thank you in advance.
This is an example of an "indirect quote", also called "reported speech". We must presume that the equivalent sentence using a direct quote would be something like:
- … and she had told her sister, "I do not expect to survive it."
Even though the main clause here used the past perfect, we only "back shift" the tense of the verb in the quote by one shift. Thus the sentence is the way you first stated it,
- … and she had told her sister that she did not expect to survive it.

The time when an indirect quotation uses past perfect is when the direct quote uses a past tense. For example, suppose we had a direct quote as:
- She told her friend, "I did not expect to survive."
Then we could report that speech (i.e. make an indirect quote out of it) as:
- She told her friend that she had not expected to survive.

[jennie77]

It's all clear. Thank you~!!!!